As for Construct 3 r68, the plugin SDK supports drawing plugins.
The plugin SDK download has been updated, and now includes two example plugins: a single-global plugin (the same one that it had before), and a drawing plugin (the new one). The drawing plugin simply displays a single image and provides the options to edit the image, size it to original size (like Sprite), and also a C2 runtime implementation that draws it from a spritesheet.
Note that in C2, not all images were spritesheeted. In C3, all images are spritesheeted, so plugin drawing methods must take this in to account. The example C2 runtime implementation has code that demonstrates this for both the canvas2d and WebGL renderers.
All available editor APIs are now documented in the editor API reference section of the Addon SDK documentation. To fully support drawing plugins, many new interfaces have been added, and they are comprehensively documented there.
This is an initial release and the capabilities are fairly basic. If you are developing a plugin that needs some extra APIs, please let me know in this thread and I'll see what we can do about it. I'd expect it to take a few more releases of C3 to fully mature the APIs and cover everything that third-party developers need.