The plugin-making language is javascript!
With all plugins written in such language, even if it were to be a custom language developed by Scirra, a tool could be created to convert said plugins to the native language of the exporter, maintaining the plugins compatible across runtimes.
All official plugins and behaviors are written in Javascript, just like all the third party ones, using exactly the same SDK. This means we could in theory port them with the V8 javascript engine - but that doesn't run standalone on some platforms like iOS, where the only way to run javascript is in a browser. On top of that V8 is a "pure" javascript engine with no features like rendering, audio, HTML, form controls etc. and many existing plugins and behaviors have dependencies on there being an actual browser there with those features. So it would still be difficult to port.
Doubtless browsers will get better on all platforms over time, and the situation will get better.
TBH rewriting everything to another language in any capacity is off the cards - for the time being at least - there's no way we could possibly pull it off. However, there are lots of other good ideas here like a central plugin service which we've also been thinking about ourselves. Hopefully we can come up with things like that in feature to resolve some of the other pain points.