Solution: Superpower Sine Waves.
But for upward-bending jumping (Opposite as the diagram shows), I would just add a vertical sine behavior to your player and pause it once the sine reaches its peak, then disable it and set its cycle position to the default. If it goes through the normally solid ceilings, then, well, it could be a cool superpower! :)
(But in that case, you might need a power-up.)