I sort of get your idea, but I think it's overly complicated and hard to troubleshoot. You're destroying and recreating all markers and repopulating the dictionary on every tick, which makes it even more confusing.
I’d strongly suggest using the hierarchy feature instead, it will be A LOT easier. Attach Moleks to Chemic as children - this way, they’ll automatically move together and stay logically connected. You won’t need dictionaries or extra variables at all. You can find parent or child object at any time with "Pick parent/child" condition.
There are two ways to build the hierarchy: either attach all Moleks directly to the parent Chemic, or create a chain. I’m guessing the chain would be more suitable in your game. If a middle (blue) Molek in the chain is removed, it will automatically break into two smaller chains. Or you can detach pink molek from yellow as well.